The gaming industry has been fast growing in India, as well as globally. According to Statista, the online gaming industry in the country was valued at 220 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach over Rs 388 billion by 2025. And behind every flashy and well-animated video game is a set of codes making the experience seamless for its users. Game developers use programming languages to create a game’s settings and mechanics.
The choice of programming language depends on factors including the game type console, computer game or mobile game; and the extent of interactivity.
Which Language is Best for Game Development in 2025?
| Programming Languages | Best for |
| Python, Lua, JavaScript, C# | Small Games |
| C++, C# | 3D Games |
| C++, C#, JavaScript, Swift | AR/VR Games |
| C++, C#, Java, Python | PC Games |
| C++, C# | Console Games |
| JavaScript, Python | Web Based Games |
| C++, C# | AAA Video Games |
| Java, C++, C# | Android Games |
| Swift, C++, C# | iOS Games |
1. C++
Despite its high entry barrier, C++ is one of the most popular and commonly used programming languages for game designers. It offers a high abstraction level for both fine object-oriented programming and generic programming, providing direct control over hardware and graphical processes.
Additionally, C++ allows the optimisation of special parts to a very high level– a feature almost impossible to achieve with other languages.
C++ is used to build most big console and Windows games. Apart from that, popular games built using C++ include Counter-Strike, Football Pro, Starcraft, Master of Orion III.
2. Java
Given Java’s versatility and rich collection of open-source material, it is popularly used for the development of indie and mobile games. It is easy-to-use, is beginner friendly and can write a range of reusable system-agnostic code. When compared with C++, Java offers easy writing, debugging, learning and compiling.
Games including the likes of Mission Impossible III, Minecraft, FIFA 11, and Ferrari GT 3: WOrld Track, have all been created using Java.
3. HTML5
HTML5 is one of the top choices by game developers to build cross-platform and cross-browser apps and games. Further, it can be interchangeably used with JavaScript.
HTML5 is widely preferred for game development for its ultimate gaming engines. Game Frameworks including Construct 2, ImpactJS, Phaser, Turbulenz and Booty5 have taken the responsibility of the HTML5 Game Development process.
Some popular games built with HTML5 include Cookie Clicker, Gods Will Be Watching, World Cup Penalty 2018.
4. JavaScript
JavaScript is one of the best programming languages for interactive online games. It integrates with web technologies including CSS and HTML, allowing the development of cross-platform mobile games.
JavaScript is often used along with HTML5 since the latter cannot create animation or interactivity. Additionally, contributing to its popularity is JavaScript’s humongous online community and large number of frameworks.
Some popular games made with JavaScript include Hangman, HexGI, Little Alchemy, Swoop and Polycraft.
5. Python
Although not as popular as Java or C++, Python is used for game development. Its PyGame library is developer-friendly, easy to use for building games and enables developers to prototype games quickly. Additionally, just like Java and C++, Python also runs on OOP principles. Its simple learning curve makes Python a go-to option for many game developers.
Some popular games built using Python include Battlefield 2, Disney’s Toontown Online, Eve Online and Frets on Fire.
6. UnrealScript
Unreal Engine has developed the programming language UnrealScript or UScript. Like Java, UnrealScript is object-oriented without multiple inheritance. Major gaming platforms including the likes of Microsoft Windows, Android, Linux and Playstation use UnrealScript.
However, in 2014, Epic Games had announced that Unreal Engine 4 would not be supporting UnrealScript. Some popular games developed using UnrealScript include Advent Rising, America’s Army, The Wheel Of Time, Batman- Arkham Knight and its series.
7. Lua
Lua is a light weight, high level and multi-platform programming language that is easy to run, making it fun and efficient to be used for video game development. It can be designed to embed into many applications, making it convenient for developers and players to alter the game.
Game engines including the likes of Gideros mobile, Corona SDK, and CryEngine, use Lua as its primary programming language. Some popular games developed using Lua are Age of Conan, American Girl, Angry Birds, and Aquaria.
8. C#
Despite considered easier than C++, C# is a powerful language. Its XNA framework makes it perfect for building games on Windows and Xbox. Additionally, C#’s game engine Unity3D and Xamarin enables developers to build games on all platforms including iOS, Android, PlayStation and Windows.
C# is as popular in the gaming industry due to its efficiency and scalability. Popular games developed using C# include Pokemon Go and Super Mario Run.
JavaScript is commonly used language to create both 2D and 3D animations. For 2D, HTML element is used along with JavaScript libraries like PixiJS or Phaser. For 3D, WebGL is used with libraries like Three.js or Babylon.js to make development easier.
C++ is the most popular programming language used in video game industry. C++ is best known for its performance and efficiency. Video games are require high computational power and commonly used in the development of console and PC games.
C, C++, Java, Python, Js are the among the popular programming languages that you should know to become a game developer.
